Kazakhstan

Index rank 43

Energy Sustainability Index Rankings

 2010  2011  2012  Trend
Energy Performance  39  23  34 
Energy Security  70  34  38 
Social Equity  41  37  40 
Environmental Impact Mitigation  20  21  44 
       
Contextual Performance  75  65  68 
Political Strength  61  52  55 
Societal Strength  77  72  76 
Economic Strength  71  59  62 
       
Overall Rank  49  30  43 
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Fossil Fuel Resources

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Key Metrics

Industrial sector (% of GDP) 37.9
TPEP / TPEC  (net energy exporter) 2.52
Emission intensity (kg CO2 per USD) 2.92
Energy affordability (USD per kWh) 0.04
GDP / capita (PPP, USD); GDP Group 12,015 (C)
Energy intensity (million BTU per USD) 0.03
CO2 emissions (metric tons) / capita) 20.47
Population Access to Electricity (%) 55.0
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Index Commentary

Kazakhstan drops in the Index by thirteen places due to deteriorations across all dimensions. Energy security decreases due to an increase in energy consumption and small deteriorations across all other indicators. A small rise in gasoline prices and a slight decrease in quality and affordability of electricity supply lead to a weaker performance in social equity. Due to a substantial increase in energy intensity per capita, Kazakhstan performs worse in mitigating its environmental footprint compared to countries with similar levels of energy intensity. A decrease in political stability and effectiveness of government drives the change in political strength. Societal strength also deteriorates due to a further decrease in control of corruption and in rule of law. The weakest indicator for economic strength remains high costs of living as proportion of household consumption expenditure.

Trends and Outlook

The Government of Kazakhstan together with business sector, energy industry and industrial associations, has developed and implemented a clear energy strategy and well-defined energy policy with supporting programs that support the development of a sustainable energy system. The most recent policy developments which are expected to improve Kazakhstan’s energy sustainability balance include: 1) strengthening state institutions responsible for energy efficiency in production, extraction and consumption of energy; 2) clear and comprehensive energy saving programs to reduce energy intensity of industry targets (reduce 10% by 2015 and 25% by 2020 compared to 2008); 3) the adoption of policies to support the development and inclusion of available renewable energy sources (RES) into the energy mix (electricity generated from RES should reach 1 billion kWh per year by 2014, almost 3 times the 2009 level); and 4) plans and programs to facilitate the modernisation of existing power generation, power grids and oil refining installations. Policymakers shall continue the existing successful practices to maintain a favourable investment climate, which allows not only improving the country’s energy sustainability balance, but also attracting investment into the exploration and production of energy resources for export to world markets. There is a need to continue the development of power generating facilities by introducing cutting-edge technologies that will not only ensure domestic supply, but also enable the country to offer significant amounts of electricity to markets in neighbouring countries. Furthermore, reducing energy intensity and supporting the use of available renewable energy resources have to remain a key focus.

Notes

1) Data for shale oil is for resources in place; 2) As noted by the Kazakhstani WEC member committee available data from national sources might differ from data used to calculate the Energy Sustainability Index, e.g., access to electricity is reported to be nearly 100%.