Table 3.2: Main features of mandatory audits in selected countries
|
|
Algeria |
Tunisia |
Bulgaria |
Romania |
Czech Republic |
|
Implementation date |
2005/6 |
2004 |
2004 |
2000 |
2004/2005 (large industries) |
|
Sectors concerned |
Industry, Tertiary, Transport Companies |
Industry, Tertiary, Residential, Transport Companies |
Industry, Tertiary, Residential |
Industry, Tertiary (public buildings) |
Industry, Tertiary |
|
Main mandatory features |
|
|
|
|
|
|
mandatory audit |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
mandatory reporting |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
mandatory action plan |
X |
X |
X |
|
X |
|
mandatory comparison with other companies (benchmarking) |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
mandatory standards |
|
|
X |
|
(X) (energy supply) |
|
mandatory implementation of certain type of measures |
|
X (evaluation of previous actions) |
|
X (target control+ sanctions) |
(X) (public sector) |
|
mandatory energy manager |
X |
|
|
X |
X |
|
mandatory certification of auditors |
X |
X |
X |
|
X |
|
Threshold for mandatory participation |
Industry: 2000 toe Tertiary: 500 toe Transport: 1000 toe |
Industry: 1000 toe Tertiary/Residential/Transport: 500 toe |
Industry: 3000 MWh Tertiary/residential: 1000 m2 |
1000 toe |
Government. facilities: 1.5 TJ Private companies: 35 TJ |
|
Audit schedules |
Industry/Transport.: 3y Tertiary: 5y |
5y |
Industry: 3y Tertiary/Residential: 5y/10y |
Industry: 1y (>1000 toe); 2y (> 200 toe) Tertiary 5y (> 1500 m2) |
One time |
|
Sanctions for non-compliance |
X |
|
X |
X |
X |
|
Subsidies for saving measures |
X |
X |
X |
|
X |
|
Central database |
X (Energy Agency APRUE) |
X |
X (energy agency AEE) |
X |
|
|
Quality control of reports |
X (APRUE) |
X |
X (control audits) |
|
X (State En. Inspect. SEI) |
|
Impacts |
unknown |
unknown |
30% of company EC (based on 7 companies); expected savings: 50 ktoe in 2010; 134 ktoe in 2016: |
unknown |
unknown |
|
Australia |
India |
Taiwan |
Thailand |
|
|
Implementation date |
2005/6 (NSW) |
2001/2007 |
2001 |
1997 |
|
Sectors concerned |
Industry, Tertiary, Transport Companies |
Industry, Tertiary, Transport Companies |
Industry |
Industry, Tertiary Sector |
|
Main mandatory features |
|
|
|
|
|
mandatory audit |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
mandatory reporting |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
mandatory action plan |
|
X |
X |
X |
|
mandatory comparison with other companies (benchmarking |
|
|
|
|
|
Mandatory standards |
|
X |
X |
|
|
mandatory realisation of certain type of measures |
X (NSW: progress report) |
X |
|
|
|
mandatory energy manager |
|
X |
X |
X |
|
mandatory certification of auditors |
|
X |
X |
X |
|
Threshold for mandatory participation |
0.5 PJ |
30,000 toe 5 MW electricity connected load |
Coal 6000t/y Fuel oil 6000kl/y Gas 10 mill. m3 Elec. 1000kW Steam 100t/h |
Industry: 20 MJ, 1,000 kW |
|
Period for audit |
5y |
3y |
1y |
3y |
|
Sanctions for non-compliance |
X (NSW) |
X |
X (financial + suspend supply 7-30 days) |
X |
|
Subsidies for saving measures |
|
|
|
X |
|
Central database |
X |
X (Bureau of En. eff. BEE) |
X |
X |
|
Quality control of reports |
X |
|
X |
X |
|
Impacts (EC = energy consumption) |
Case studies: typically 5% of company EC Extrapolated from 250 obligated companies: 0.7 Mtoe "Culture change" |
2001-2004: EC 3% (1-9%); Electricity 2% (0.2-11%) 2001-2004: 2TWh, 750,960t coal, 6.5 bill. Indian Rupees oil/gas |
2001-2005: 0.5% annually of company EC 2001-2005: Top 100 + other companies audited about 286 ktoe savings (60% of saving potential, identified in the energy audits) |
Electricity (ex-ante): Achievable savings: 5-14% Economic potential 42%
|
