Publications

Survey of Energy Resources 2007

Bioenergy Country Notes

Finland

Municipal solid waste
quantity of raw material available	1.2	million tonnes
electricity generation	2 160	TJ
direct use from combustion	2 380	TJ
total energy production	4 540	TJ
Wood
direct use from combustion	48 280	TJ
Forestry/wood processing
quantity of raw material available	17	million tonnes
solid fuel production capacity*	5 150	TJ/yr
yield of solid fuel*	17	TJ/ tonne
solid fuel production*	3 210	TJ
electricity generating capacity	2 000	MW
electricity generation	31 900	TJ
direct use from combustion	238 200	TJ
total energy production	273 310	TJ
Agricultural residues – reed canary grass
quantity of raw material available**	0.05	million tonnes
direct use from combustion	750	TJ
Biogas from farm and co-digestion plants
quantity of raw material available**	0.004	million tonnes
electricity generation	18	TJ
direct use from combustion	32	TJ
total energy production	50	TJ
Biogas from landfills
quantity of raw material available**	0.2	million tonnes
electricity generation	34	TJ
direct use from combustion	1 046	TJ
total energy production	1 080	TJ
Biogas from wastewater treatment plants
quantity of raw material available**	0.03	million tonnes
electricity generation	100	TJ
direct use from combustion	300	TJ
total energy production	400	TJ

*   Data refer to 2004
** Data refer to 2002

The present use of bio-energy is dominated by residues and by-products from the forest industry. In 2005 the share of black liquor (and other similar liquors) was 39% of the total use of renewable energy (excluding peat). Wood fuels in industry and energy production also have a significant share (about 28%). The main part of forestry/wood processing residues is exploited by co-generation plants producing electricity and heat.

A substantial share, 83% (2 650 TJ), of Finnish wood pellets were exported.

The acreage of reed canary grass (grown as an energy crop) is increasing rapidly in

Finland : in 2005 there were 10 400 ha under cultivation, rising to 16 000 ha in 2006. The crop can be harvested two years after seeding.

Biogas produced from 6 farm and 4 co-digestion plants totalled 2.702 million m³, of which 90% was utilised as electricity (4.9 GWh), heat (8.4 GWh) and mechanical energy (0.02 GWh).

At the end of 2005 landfill gas was collected from 33 landfills and totalled 118.404 million m³, of which 59% was utilised as electricity (9.5 GWh) and heat (289.0 GWh).

Biogas produced in 16 municipal and 4 industrial wastewater treatment facilities totalled  23.754 million m³, of which 87% was utilised as electricity (27.7 GWh), heat (83.1 GWh) and mechanical energy (2.0 GWh).