Print Friendly version- World Energy Issues Monitor 2013
- World Energy Trilemma 2012
- Smart grids: best practice fundamentals for a modern energy system
- World Energy Insight 2012
- World Energy Perspective: Nuclear Energy One Year After Fukushima
- World Energy Issues Monitor
- WEC Rules of Trade - Energy Sector Environmental Innovation
- Global Transport Scenarios 2050
- Survey of Energy Resources: Shale Gas – What’s New
- Policies for the future: 2011 Assessment of country energy and climate policy
- World Energy Insight 2011
- Interconnectivity: Benefits and Challenges 2010
- Survey of Energy Resources 2010
- World Energy Insight 2010
- Roadmap towards a Competitive European Energy Market
- Performance of Generating Plant 2010
- Logistics Bottlenecks 2010
- Energy Efficiency: A Recipe for Success 2010
- Water for Energy 2010
- Shale Gas 2010
- Energy and Urban Innovation 2010
- Pursuing sustainability: 2010 Assessment of country energy and climate policies
- Biofuels: Policies, Standards and Technologies 2010
- European Climate Change Policy Beyond 2012
- Trade and Investment Rules for Energy
- Contents
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Executive Summary
- I. Maintaining open Markets - Border Measures and Energy Trade
- Issues and Challenges
- Background
- Analysis
- Recommendations
- II. Promoting Energy-related Investments
- Issues and Challenges
- Background
- Analysis
- Recommendations
- III. Aiding the Movement and Delivery of Energy Services
- Issues and Challenges
- Background
- Analysis
- Recommendations
- IV. Promoting Trade in environmental Goods and Services
- Issues and Challenges
- Background
- Analysis
- Recommendations
- V. Facilitating Cross-border Movement of Energy Services Personnel
- Issues and Challenges
- Background
- Analysis
- Recommendations
- VI. Conclusions
- Appendix I
- Appendix II
- Regional Energy Integration in Latin America and the Caribbean
- Assessment of Energy Policy and Practices
- Contents
- Foreword
- Executive Summary
- Introduction
- Why an assessment is needed
- Why WEC is uniquely qualified
- Scope of Work
- Methodology
- "Macro" assessment
- "Micro" analysis
- Implementation of assessments
- Next Steps
- Annex 1: Description of Building Blocks
- Annex 2: Indicators and Weights
- Annex 3: Study Group Membership
- Energy Policy Scenarios to 2050
- Contents
- Foreword
- Preface
- Introduction
- 1.1 Objectives of the Study
- 1.2 Two Axes - Government Engagement and Cooperation/Integration
- 1.3 Process
- 1.4 Mathematical Process
- 1.5 The Regions
- 1.6 Structure of the Report
- The 3 A's
- 2.1 What are the three A's?
- 2.2. Where are we now on the 3 A’s?
- 2.2.1 Africa
- 2.2.2 Asia
- 2.2.3 Europe
- 2.2.4 Latin America and the Caribbean
- 2.2.5 North America
- Four Scenarios in a Nutshell
- 3.1 Leopard
- 3.2 Elephant
- 3.3 Lion
- 3.4 Giraffe
- 3.5 Key Indicators
- Results of Analysis
- 4.1. Scenario 1: Leopard
- 4.2. Scenario 2: Elephant
- 4.3. Scenario 3: Lion
- 4.4. Scenario 4: Giraffe
- 4.5. Regional Perspectives
- Regional Achievement of the 3 A's
- 5.1. Scenario 1: Leopard
- 5.2. Scenario 2: Elephant
- 5.3. Scenario 3: Lion
- 5.4. Scenario 4: Giraffe
- 5.5. Regional Policy Recommendations
- Principal Observations and Conclusions
- 6.1. Global Observations
- 6.2. Regional Observations
- Recommendations
- 7.1. Setting Realistic Global Targets
- 7.2. Associated Messages
- 7.3. Energy Policies for Action
- Next Steps
- Further Reading
- Appendices
- Appendix A: URLS
- Electricity end-use
- Electricity generation
- Stationary end-use
- Energy Price Drivers
- Investment and Finance
- POLES
- Africa
- Asia
- Europe
- Latin America and the Caribbean
- North America
- Appendix B: Specialist Perspectives
- 10.1.1 Electricity Generation and End-Use
- 10.1.2. Stationary End-Use
- 10.1.3. Transportation
- 10.1.4 Energy Price Drivers
- 10.1.5. Investment and Finance
- 10.1.6. Climate Change
- 10.1.7. 2020: Credible commitments and slower emissions growth
- 10.1.8. 2035: Emissions stabilisation
- 10.1.9. 2050: Sustainable emissions reduction
- Appendix C: Study Group Members
- Publication Archive
- Statements
- documents en français
- documentos en español
- documentos em Português
Publications
Survey of Energy Resources 2007
Natural Bitumen and Extra-Heavy Oil Country Notes
Syria (Arab Republic)
The Babenna natural bitumen in deposit was mined for many years for asphalt. It is one of numerous such deposits throughout the Middle East, those in Syria and Iraq being especially prominent since antiquity. They are not regarded as potential commercial sources of synthetic oil.